The dendrites are tree-like structures that receive and gather information from other neurons for delivery to the soma, where the information is processed and as mentioned, the determination is made whether it is important enough to pass along to other neurons. The soma can be thought of as the 'brain' of the brain cell, as it processes the input/information into the cell and determines if it is important enough to pass along to another cell. To better understand this process, it is important to understand the parts of a neuron, including the soma, dendrites and axons.
The process of normal neuronal firing takes place as a communication between neurons through electrical impulses and neurotransmitters.